third party fraud

the use of dishonesty, deception, or false representation in order to gain a material advantage or to injure the interests of others. Types of fraud include false accounting, theft, third party or investment fraud, employee collusion, and computer fraud.

(ince)

стр., фін. 1. n страхування; a страховий; 2. страховий поліс

1. система заходів оберігання власності (property²) окремою особою, компанією (company) тощо від збитків, втрат чи пошкоджень, які виникають через непередбачені обставини, напр. банкрутства (bankruptcy¹), аварії, втрату працездатності, стихійні лиха, втрату майна, смерть тощо, що відшкодовується відповідно до умов за рахунок страхових внесків (premium²); 2. угода (contract) про відшкодування втрат чи збитків, що встановлюється між двома сторонами, а саме страхувачем (insurer), який несе відповідальність за відшкодування, користуючись створеним грошовим фондом, і страхувальником (insured), який вносить страхові внески (premium) у фонд

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accident insurance страхування від нещасних випадків; aircraft insurance авіаційне страхування; all-loss insurance страхування від усякого ризику; all-risk insurance страхування від усякого ризику; annuity insurance пенсійне страхування; automobile insurance страхування автотранспорту; automobile liability insurance страхування громадської відповідальності власників автотранспорту; aviation insurance авіаційне страхування; baggage insurance страхування багажу; blanket insurance групове страхування • загальне страхування; block insurance страхування кількох видів ризику; burglary insurance страхування від крадіжки зі зломом; business insurance страхування від простою виробництва • страхування торговельної діяльності; capital insurance страхування капіталів; car insurance страхування автомобіля; cargo insurance страхування морського вантажу • страхування карго; children's endowment insurance страхування дітей до визначеного терміну; collateral insurance додаткове страхування; collective insurance групове страхування; comprehensive insurance загальне страхування; compulsory insurance обов'язкове страхування; concurrent insurance подвійне страхування; construction risks insurance страхування будівельного ризику; contingency insurance страхування на випадок виникнення надзвичайних обставин; contract guarantee insurance страхування на випадок невиконання однією зі сторін контрактних зобов'язань; cooperative insurance кооперативне страхування; credit insurance страхування кредитів • страхування від несплати боргу; credit life insurance кредитне страхування життя; credit risk insurance страхування кредитного ризику; currency risk insurance страхування валютного ризику; deposit insurance страхування депозитів; disability insurance страхування на випадок втрати працездатності; double insurance подвійне страхування; employer's liability insurance страхування допомоги, що виплачується робітникам за втрати працездатності в результаті нещасного випадку; employment insurance страхування службовців • страхування робітників; endowment insurance страхування до визначеного строку • страхування-вклад; export insurance експортне страхування; export credit insurance страхування експортних кредитів; fidelity insurance страхування від фінансових втрат, пов'язаних зі зловживаннями службовців; fidelity guarantee insurance страхування від фінансових втрат, пов'язаних зі зловживаннями службовців; fire insurance страхування від пожежі; fleet policy insurance страхування автотранспорту, що належить компанії; floater policy insurance страхування рухомого майна; freight insurance страхування фрахту; full insurance страхування від усякого ризику; group insurance групове страхування; group creditor insurance поліс групового страхування боржників, що видається кредиторові; group life insurance групове страхування життя; guarantee insurance гарантійне страхування; health insurance страхування на випадок хвороби; home owner's policy insurance комплексне страхування домашнього майна; hospitalization insurance страхування медичних витрат; household insurance комплексне страхування домашнього майна; industrial insurance виробниче страхування; liability insurance страхування відповідальності; life insurance страхування життя; limited policy insurance страховий поліс, обмежений конкретними страховими випадками; livestock insurance страхування худоби; loan insurance страхування позик; luggage insurance страхування багажу; malpractice insurance страхування на випадок судового переслідування; marine insurance морське страхування; medical insurance страхування медичних витрат; miners' insurance страхування шахтарів; mortgage insurance страхування іпотечної заборгованості; motor vehicle passenger insurance страхування автопасажирів; mutual insurance взаємне страхування; national insurance державне страхування; no-fault insurance страхування транспортного засобу незалежно від винуватця аварії; obligatory insurance обов'язкове страхування; ocean insurance морське страхування; ocean marine insurance морське страхування; old age insurance страхування на старість; open insurance страхування рухомого майна; ordinary insurance звичайне страхування життя; partial insurance часткове страхування; participating insurance страхування з участю в прибутках компанії; partnership insurance страхування життя учасників фірми; personal insurance особисте страхування; personal accident and sickness insurance страхування від нещасних випадків і хвороби; personal liability insurance страхування особистої відповідальності; pluvial insurance страхування від збитків у результаті поганої погоди • страхування від збитків у результаті дощу; private insurance індивідуальне страхування; private health insurance індивідуальне медичне страхування; products guarantee insurance страхування на випадок претензій з боку покупців у зв'язку з низькою якістю або дефектами товару; products liability insurance страхування відповідальності за вироблену продукцію; professional indemnity insurance страхування професійної відповідальності; property insurance майнове страхування; property damage insurance страхування майна від ушкодження; public liability insurance страхування відповідальності за збитки споживачів; real estate insurance страхування нерухомого майна; reciprocal insurance взаємне страхування; rent insurance страхування ренти; replacement insurance страхування майна, за якого відшкодування виплачується в розмірі вартості нового майна; residence contents insurance страхування домашнього майна; retirement income insurance страхування пенсії за віком; social insurance соціальне страхування; stock insurance страхування акціонерної компанії • страхування товару; strike insurance страхування від страйку; supplementary insurance додаткове страхування; technical risk insurance страхування технічного ризику; term insurance страхування на обмежений термін; theft insurance страхування на випадок крадіжки; third party insurance страхування третьої сторони; third party liability insurance страхування для можливого відшкодування третьої сторони; transit insurance транзитне страхування; transport insurance транспортне страхування; travel insurance страхування туристів; traveller's accident insurance страхування туристів; unemployment insurance страхування на випадок безробіття; voluntary insurance добровільне страхування; worker's compensation insurance страхування компенсацій у випадку травматизму; workmen's compensation insurance страхування допомоги, що виплачується робітникам у випадку втрати працездатності в результаті нещасного випадку на виробництві

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insurance activities страхова діяльність; insurance adjuster оцінювач розміру страхового збитку; insurance against all risks страхування від всякого ризику; insurance against breakage страхування від поломки; insurance against burglary and theft страхування від крадіжки; insurance against commercial risks страхування від комерційного ризику; insurance against damage by dry rot страхування від ушкодження деревним грибком; insurance against damage by xylophaga страхування від ушкодження дерева деревним жучком; insurance against default страхування від невиконання зобов'язання; insurance against inheritance tax страхування від податку на спадщину; insurance against loss by redemption страхування від курсових втрат при викупленні цінних паперів; insurance against natural calamities страхування від стихійного лиха; insurance against risk страхування ризику; insurance against third party risks обов'язкове страхування громадянської відповідальності; insurance against total loss страхування від повної загибелі; insurance agent страховий агент; insurance amount загальна сума страхування; insurance application заява про страхування; insurance Association страхова асоціація; insurance bonus страхова премія; insurance broker страховий маклер; insurance business страхова справа; insurance certificate страхове свідоцтво; insurance claim страхова заява; insurance company страхова компанія; insurance contract контракт страхування • договір страхування; insurance costs страхові витрати; insurance cover обсяг страхової відповідальності; insurance document страховий документ; insurance expenditure витрати на страхування; insurance fraud шахрайство при страхуванні; insurance holder власник страхового полісу; insurance incorporating a waiting period страхування життя, що набуває чинності після визначеного періоду; insurance industry страхування (як галузь економіки); insurance in force чинний договір страхування; insurance inspector страховий інспектор; insurance law закон про страхування; insurance loss страховий збиток • збитки при страхуванні; insurance market ринок страхування; insurance monopoly монополія страхування; insurance number номер страхового договору; insurance on a contingency basis страхування на випадок виникнення надзвичайних обставин; insurance on a premium basis страхування з оплатою страхових внесків; insurance payment страховий платіж; insurance period термін страхування; insurance policy страховий поліс; insurance policy number номер страхового полісу; insurance portfolio портфель страхових документів • страхова книжка; insurance premium страховий внесок • страхова премія; insurance proposal пропозиція про страхування; insurance protection обсяг страхової відповідальності; insurance rate ставка страхової премії; insurance scheme система страхування; insurance sum сума страхування; insurance Supervisory Authority управління контролю за страхуванням; insurance syndicate страхова компанія • страховий синдикат; insurance tax податок на страхування; insurance technique спосіб страхування; insurance terms and conditions терміни й умови страхування; insurance with bonus страхування з участю в прибутках компанії; insurance with index clause страхування із застереженням про індексацію; insurance with medical examination страхування з попереднім медичним оглядом; insurance without medical examination страхування без попереднього медичного огляду; insurance with waiting period страхування з відстроченням відповідальності страхувача; insurance year рік страхування; to arrange insurance організовувати/організувати страхування; to cancel insurance анульовувати/анулювати страхування • скасовувати/скасувати страхування; to carry insurance бути застрахованим; to issue insurance видавати/видати страхування; to provide insurance давати/дати страхування; to suspend insurance припинити/припиняти страхування; to take out insurance страхуватися/застрахуватися; to undertake insurance брати/взяти на себе відповідальність за страхування

insurance¹ — ім. асекурація, прикм. асекураційний (зах. укр., діас.); insurance² — асекурація

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асекурація < польс. asekuracja — забезпечення < лат. assecuratio — забезпечення, убезпечення (Фасмер 1: 93); форма «асекурація» засвідчується у писемних пам'ятках з XVII ст., напр. 1616 р.: «...На що и асекурацию, на часъ помененый заплаты гроший таковыхъ пѣнязий, паномъ брацтву на себе далъ» (ISUJ: 38); форма «ассекурація» засвідчується у писемних пам'ятках з XVIII ст.: «...Заходить насъ въ тихъ вашихъ панскихъ ассєкурацияхъ и облѣгах нѣякаясь вонтпливость» (ISUJ: 38); пор. рос. форму «ассекурация», що засвідчується у XVII ст. (Фасмер 1: 93)

▹▹ assurance

* * *

1 noun

messages m pl publicitaires

2 transitive verb

spammer, envoyer des messages publicitaires en masse à

3 intransitive verb

spammer, envoyer des messages publicitaires en masse

  15,000-3,000 BCE Paleolithic cultures in western Portugal.

  400-200 BCE Greek and Carthaginian trade settlements on coast.

  202 BCE Roman armies invade ancient Lusitania.

  137 BCE Intensive Romanization of Lusitania begins.

  410 CE Germanic tribes — Suevi and Visigoths—begin conquest of Roman Lusitania and Galicia.

  714—16 Muslims begin conquest of Visigothic Lusitania.

  1034 Christian Reconquest frontier reaches Mondego River.

  1064 Christians conquer Coimbra.

  1139 Burgundian Count Afonso Henriques proclaims himself king of Portugal; birth of Portugal. Battle of Ourique: Afonso Henriques defeats Muslims.

  1147 With English Crusaders' help, Portuguese seize Lisbon from Muslims.

  1179 Papacy formally recognizes Portugal's independence (Pope Alexander III).

  1226 Campaign to reclaim Alentejo from Muslims begins.

  1249 Last Muslim city (Silves) falls to Portuguese Army.

  1381 Beginning of third war between Castile and Portugal.

  1383 Master of Aviz, João, proclaimed regent by Lisbon populace.

  1385 April: Master of Aviz, João I, proclaimed king of Portugal by Cortes of Coimbra. 14 August: Battle of Aljubarrota, Castilians defeated by royal forces, with assistance of English army.

  1394 Birth of "Prince Henry the Navigator," son of King João I.

  1415 Beginning of overseas expansion as Portugal captures Moroccan city of Ceuta.

  1419 Discovery of Madeira Islands.

  1425-28 Prince D. Pedro, older brother of Prince Henry, travels in Europe.

  1427 Discovery (or rediscovery?) of Azores Islands.

  1434 Prince Henry the Navigator's ships pass beyond Cape Bojador, West Africa.

  1437 Disaster at Tangier, Morocco, as Portuguese fail to capture city.

  1441 First African slaves from western Africa reach Portugal.

  1460 Death of Prince Henry. Portuguese reach what is now Senegal, West Africa.

  1470s Portuguese explore West African coast and reach what is now Ghana and Nigeria and begin colonizing islands of São Tomé and Príncipe.

  1479 Treaty of Alcáçovas between kings of Portugal and Spain.

  1482 Portuguese establish post at São Jorge da Mina, Gold Coast (now Ghana).

  1482-83 Portuguese navigator Diogo Cão reaches mouth of Congo River and Angola.

  1488 Navigator Bartolomeu Dias rounds Cape of Good Hope, South Africa, and finds route to Indian Ocean.

  1492-93 Columbus's first voyage to West Indies.

  1493 Columbus visits Azores and Portugal on return from first voyage; tells of discovery of New World. Treaty of Tordesillas signed between kings of Portugal and Spain: delimits spheres of conquest with line 370 leagues west of Cape Verde Islands (claimed by Portugal); Portugal's sphere to east of line includes, in effect, Brazil.

   King Manuel I and Royal Council decide to continue seeking all-water route around Africa to Asia.

   King Manuel I expels unconverted Jews from Portugal.

  1497-99 Epic voyage of Vasco da Gama from Portugal around Africa to west India, successful completion of sea route to Asia project; da Gama returns to Portugal with samples of Asian spices.

  1500 Bound for India, Navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral "discovers" coast of Brazil and claims it for Portugal.

  1506 Anti-Jewish riots in Lisbon.

   Battle of Diu, India; Portugal's command of Indian Ocean assured for some time with Francisco de Almeida's naval victory over Egyptian and Gujerati fleets.

   Afonso de Albuquerque conquers Goa, India; beginning of Portuguese hegemony in south Asia.

   Portuguese conquest of Malacca; commerce in Spice Islands.

  1519 Magellan begins circumnavigation voyage.

  1536 Inquisition begins in Portugal.

  1543 Portuguese merchants reach Japan.

  1557 Portuguese merchants granted Chinese territory of Macau for trading factory.

  1572 Luís de Camões publishes epic poem, Os Lusíadas.

  1578 Battle of Alcácer-Quivir; Moroccan forces defeat army of King Sebastião of Portugal; King Sebastião dies in battle. Portuguese succession crisis.

  1580 King Phillip II of Spain claims and conquers Portugal; Spanish rule of Portugal, 1580-1640.

  1607-24 Dutch conquer sections of Asia and Brazil formerly held by Portugal.

  1640 1 December: Portuguese revolution in Lisbon overthrows Spanish rule, restores independence. Beginning of Portugal's Braganza royal dynasty.

  1654 Following Dutch invasions and conquest of parts of Brazil and Angola, Dutch expelled by force.

  1661 Anglo-Portuguese Alliance treaty signed: England pledges to defend Portugal "as if it were England itself." Queen Catherine of Bra-ganza marries England's Charles II.

  1668 February: In Portuguese-Spanish peace treaty, Spain recognizes independence of Portugal, thus ending 28-year War of Restoration.

  1703 Methuen Treaties signed, key commercial trade agreement and defense treaty between England and Portugal.

  1750 Pombal becomes chief minister of King José I.

  1755 1 November: Massive Lisbon earthquake, tidal wave, and fire.

  1759 Expulsion of Jesuits from Portugal and colonies.

  1761 Slavery abolished in continental Portugal.

  1769 Abandonment of Mazagão, Morocco, last Portuguese outpost.

  1777 Pombal dismissed as chief minister by Queen Maria I, after death of José I.

  1791 Portugal and United States establish full diplomatic relations.

  1807 November: First Napoleonic invasion; French forces under Junot conquer Portugal. Royal family flees to colony of Brazil and remains there until 1821.

  1809 Second French invasion of Portugal under General Soult.

  1811 Third French invasion of Portugal under General Masséna.

  1813 Following British general Wellington's military victories, French forces evacuate Portugal.

  1817 Liberal, constitutional movements against absolutist monarchist rule break out in Brazil (Pernambuco) and Portugal (Lisbon, under General Gomes Freire); crushed by government. British marshal of Portugal's army, Beresford, rules Portugal.

   Liberal insurrection in army officer corps breaks out in Cadiz, Spain, and influences similar movement in Portugal's armed forces first in Oporto.

   King João VI returns from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and early draft of constitution; era of constitutional monarchy begins.

  1822 7 September: João VI's son Pedro proclaims independence of

   Brazil from Portugal and is named emperor. 23 September: Constitution of 1822 ratified.

   Portugal recognizes sovereign independence of Brazil.

   King João VI dies; power struggle for throne ensues between his sons, brothers Pedro and Miguel; Pedro, emperor of Brazil, abdicates Portuguese throne in favor of his daughter, D. Maria II, too young to assume crown. By agreement, Miguel, uncle of D. Maria, is to accept constitution and rule in her stead.

  1828 Miguel takes throne and abolishes constitution. Sections of Portugal rebel against Miguelite rule.

  1831 Emperor Pedro abdicates throne of Brazil and returns to Portugal to expel King Miguel from Portuguese throne.

  1832-34 Civil war between absolutist King Miguel and constitutionalist Pedro, who abandons throne of Brazil to restore his young daughter Maria to throne of Portugal; Miguel's armed forces defeated by those of Pedro. Miguel leaves for exile and constitution (1826 Charter) is restored.

  1834-53 Constitutional monarchy consolidated under rule of Queen Maria II, who dies in 1853.

  1851-71 Regeneration period of economic development and political stability; public works projects sponsored by Minister Fontes Pereira de Melo.

  1871-90 Rotativism period of alternating party governments; achieves political stability and less military intervention in politics and government. Expansion of colonial territory in tropical Africa.

   January: Following territorial dispute in central Africa, Britain delivers "Ultimatum" to Portugal demanding withdrawal of Portugal's forces from what is now Malawi and Zimbabwe. Portugal's government, humiliated in accepting demand under threat of a diplomatic break, falls. Beginning of governmental and political instability; monarchist decline and republicanism's rise.

   Anglo-Portuguese treaties signed relating to delimitation of frontiers in colonial Africa.

  1899 Treaty of Windsor; renewal of Anglo-Portuguese defense and friendship alliance.

  1903 Triumphal visit of King Edward VII to Portugal.

  1906 Politician João Franco supported by King Carlos I in dictatorship to restore order and reform.

  1908 1 February: Murder in Lisbon of King Carlos I and his heir apparent, Prince Dom Luís, by Portuguese anarchists. Eighteen-year-old King Manuel II assumes throne.

  1910 3-5 October: Following republican-led military insurrection in armed forces, monarchy falls and first Portuguese republic is proclaimed. Beginning of unstable, economically troubled, parliamentary republic form of government.

   May: Violent insurrection in Lisbon overturns government of General Pimenta de Castro; nearly a thousand casualties from several days of armed combat in capital.

   March: Following Portugal's honoring ally Britain's request to confiscate German shipping in Portuguese harbors, Germany declares war on Portugal; Portugal enters World War I on Allied side.

   Portugal organizes and dispatches Portuguese Expeditionary Corps to fight on the Western Front. 9 April: Portuguese forces mauled by German offensive in Battle of Lys. Food rationing and riots in Lisbon. Portuguese military operations in Mozambique against German expedition's invasion from German East Africa. 5 December: Authoritarian, presidentialist government under Major Sidónio Pais takes power in Lisbon, following a successful military coup.

  1918 11 November: Armistice brings cessation of hostilities on Western Front in World War I. Portuguese expeditionary forces stationed in Angola, Mozambique, and Flanders begin return trip to Portugal. 14 December: President Sidónio Pais assassinated. Chaotic period of ephemeral civil war ensues.

  1919-21 Excessively unstable political period, including January

  1919 abortive effort of Portuguese monarchists to restore Braganza dynasty to power. Republican forces prevail, but level of public violence, economic distress, and deprivation remains high.

  1921 October: Political violence attains peak with murder of former prime minister and other prominent political figures in Lisbon. Sectors of armed forces and Guarda Nacional Republicana are mutinous. Year of financial and corruption scandals, including Portuguese bank note (fraud) case; military court acquits guilty military insurrectionists, and one military judge declares "the country is sick."

   28 May: Republic overthrown by military coup or pronunciamento and conspiracy among officer corps. Parliament's doors locked and parliament closed for nearly nine years to January 1935. End of parliamentary republic, Western Europe's most unstable political system in this century, beginning of the Portuguese dictatorship, after 1930 known as the Estado Novo. Officer corps assumes reins of government, initiates military censorship of the press, and suppresses opposition.

   February: Military dictatorship under General Óscar Carmona crushes failed republican armed insurrection in Oporto and Lisbon.

   April: Military dictatorship names Professor Antônio de Oliveira Salazar minister of finance, with dictatorial powers over budget, to stabilize finances and rebuild economy. Insurrectionism among military elements continues into 1931.

  1930 Dr. Salazar named minister for colonies and announces balanced budgets. Salazar consolidates support by various means, including creation of official regime "movement," the National Union. Salazar engineers Colonial Act to ensure Lisbon's control of bankrupt African colonies by means of new fiscal controls and centralization of authority. July: Military dictatorship names Salazar prime minister for first time, and cabinet composition undergoes civilianization; academic colleagues and protégés plan conservative reform and rejuvenation of society, polity, and economy. Regime comes to be called the Estado Novo (New State). New State's constitution ratified by new parliament, the National Assembly; Portugal described in document as "unitary, corporative Republic" and governance influenced by Salazar's stern personality and doctrines such as integralism, Catholicism, and fiscal conservatism.

  1936 Violent instability and ensuing civil war in neighboring Spain, soon internationalized by fascist and communist intervention, shake Estado Novo regime. Pseudofascist period of regime features creation of imitation Fascist institutions to defend regime from leftist threats; Portugal institutes "Portuguese Youth" and "Portuguese Legion."

  1939 3 September: Prime Minister Salazar declares Portugal's neutrality in World War II. October: Anglo-Portuguese agreement grants naval and air base facilities to Britain and later to United States for Battle of the Atlantic and Normandy invasion support. Third Reich protests breach of Portugal's neutrality.

   6 June: On day of Allies' Normandy invasion, Portugal suspends mining and export of wolfram ore to both sides in war.

   8 May: Popular celebrations of Allied victory and Fascist defeat in Lisbon and Oporto coincide with Victory in Europe Day. Following managed elections for Estado Novo's National Assembly in November, regime police, renamed PIDE, with increased powers, represses opposition.

  1947 Abortive military coup in central Portugal easily crushed by regime. Independence of India and initiation of Indian protests against Portuguese colonial rule in Goa and other enclaves.

  1949 Portugal becomes founding member of NATO.

  1951 Portugal alters constitution and renames overseas colonies "Overseas Provinces." Portugal and United States sign military base agreements for use of air and naval facilities in Azores Islands and military aid to Lisbon. President Carmona dies in office, succeeded by General Craveiro Lopes (1951-58). July: Indians occupy enclave of Portuguese India (dependency of Damão) by means of passive resistance movement. August: Indian passive resistance movement in Portuguese India repelled by Portuguese forces with loss of life. December: With U.S. backing, Portugal admitted as member of United Nations (along with Spain). Air force general Humberto Delgado, in opposition, challenges Estado Novo's hand-picked successor to Craveiro Lopes, Admiral Américo Tomás. Delgado rallies coalition of democratic, liberal, and communist opposition but loses rigged election and later flees to exile in Brazil. Portugal joins European Free Trade Association (EFTA).

   January and February: Estado Novo rocked by armed African insurrection in northern Angola, crushed by armed forces. Hijacking of Portuguese ocean liner by ally of Delgado, Captain Henrique Galvão. April: Salazar defeats attempted military coup and reshuffles cabinet with group of younger figures who seek to reform colonial rule and strengthen the regime's image abroad. 18 December: Indian army rapidly defeats Portugal's defense force in Goa, Damão, and Diu and incorporates Portugal's Indian possessions into Indian Union. January: Abortive military coup in Beja, Portugal.

  1965 February: General Delgado and his Brazilian secretary murdered and secretly buried near Spanish frontier by political police, PIDE.

  1968 August and September: Prime Minister Salazar, aged 79, suffers crippling stoke. President Tomás names former cabinet officer Marcello Caetano as Salazar's successor. Caetano institutes modest reforms in Portugal and overseas.

  1971 Caetano government ratifies amended constitution that allows slight devolution and autonomy to overseas provinces in Africa and Asia. Right-wing loyalists oppose reforms in Portugal. 25 April: Military coup engineered by Armed Forces Movement overthrows Estado Novo and establishes provisional government emphasizing democratization, development, and decolonization. Limited resistance by loyalists. President Tomás and Premier Caetano flown to exile first in Madeira and then in Brazil. General Spínola appointed president. September: Revolution moves to left, as President Spínola, thwarted in his program, resigns.

   March: Military coup by conservative forces fails, and leftist response includes nationalization of major portion of economy. Polarization between forces and parties of left and right. 25 November: Military coup by moderate military elements thwarts leftist forces. Constituent Assembly prepares constitution. Revolution moves from left to center and then right.

   March: Constitution ratified by Assembly of the Republic. 25 April: Second general legislative election gives largest share of seats to Socialist Party (PS). Former oppositionist lawyer, Mário Soares, elected deputy and named prime minister.

  1977-85 Political pendulum of democratic Portugal moves from center-left to center-right, as Social Democratic Party (PSD) increases hold on assembly and take office under Prime Minister Cavaco Silva. July

  1985 elections give edge to PSD who advocate strong free-enterprise measures and revision of leftist-generated 1976 Constitution, amended modestly in 1982.

  1986 January: Portugal joins European Economic Community (EEC).

  1987 July: General, legislative elections for assembly give more than 50 percent to PSD led by Prime Minister Cavaco Silva. For first time, since 1974, Portugal has a working majority government.

  1989 June: Following revisions of 1976 Constitution, reprivatization of economy begins, under PS government.

   January: Presidential elections, Mário Soares reelected for second term. July: General, legislative elections for assembly result in new PSD victory and majority government.

   January-July: Portugal holds presidency of the Council of the European Economic Community (EEC). December: Tariff barriers fall as fully integrated Common Market established in the EEC.

   November: Treaty of Maastricht comes into force. The EEC officially becomes the European Union (EU). Portugal is signatory with 11 other member-nations.

   October: General, legislative elections for assembly result in PS victory and naming of Prime Minister Guterres. PS replace PSD as leading political party. November: Excavations for Lisbon bank uncover ancient Phoenician, Roman, and Christian ruins.

   January: General, presidential elections; socialist Jorge Sampaio defeats PSD's Cavaco Silva and assumes presidency from Dr. Mário Soares. July: Community of Portuguese Languages Countries (CPLP) cofounded by Portugal and Brazil.

   May-September: Expo '98 held in Lisbon. Opening of Vasco da Gama Bridge across Tagus River, Europe's longest (17 kilometers/ 11 miles). June: National referendum on abortion law change defeated after low voter turnout. November: National referendum on regionaliza-tion and devolution of power defeated after another low voter turnout.

   October: General, legislative elections: PS victory over PSD lacks clear majority in parliament. Following East Timor referendum, which votes for independence and withdrawal of Indonesia, outburst of popular outrage in streets, media, and communications of Portugal approves armed intervention and administration of United Nations (and withdrawal of Indonesia) in East Timor. Portugal and Indonesia restore diplomatic relations. December: A Special Territory since 1975, Colony of Macau transferred to sovereignty of People's Republic of China.

   January-June: Portugal holds presidency of the Council of the EU; end of Discoveries Historical Commemoration Cycle (1988-2000).

   United Nations forces continue to occupy and administer former colony of East Timor, with Portugal's approval.

   January: General, presidential elections; PS president Sampaio reelected for second term. City of Oporto, "European City of Culture" for the year, hosts arts festival. December: Municipal elections: PSD defeats PS; socialist prime minister Guterres resigns; President Sampaio calls March parliamentary elections.

   1 January: Portugal enters single European Currency system. Euro currency adopted and ceases use of former national currency, the escudo. March: Parliamentary elections; PSD defeats PS and José Durão Barroso becomes prime minister. Military modernization law passed. Portugal holds chairmanship of Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE).

   May: Municipal law passed permitting municipalities to reorganize in new ways.

   June: Prime Minister Durão Barroso, invited to succeed Romano Prodi as president of EU Commission, resigns. Pedro Santana Lopes becomes prime minister. European Parliament elections held. Conscription for national service in army and navy ended. Mass grave uncovered at Academy of Sciences Museum, Lisbon, revealing remains of several thousand victims of Lisbon earthquake, 1755.

   February: Parliamentary elections; PS defeats PSD, socialists win first absolute majority in parliament since 1975. José Sócrates becomes prime minister.

   January: Presidential elections; PSD candidate Aníbal Cavaco Silva elected and assumes presidency from Jorge Sampaio. Portugal's national soccer team ranked 7th out of 205 countries by international soccer association. European Union's Bologna Process in educational reform initiated in Portugal.

   July-December: Portugal holds presidency of the Council of the European Union. For reasons of economy, Portugal announces closure of many consulates, especially in France and the eastern US. Government begins official inspections of private institutions of higher education, following scandals.

  2008 January: Prime Minister Sócrates announces location of new Lisbon area airport as Alcochete, on south bank of Tagus River, site of air force shooting range. February: Portuguese Army begins to receive new modern battle tanks (Leopard 2 A6). March: Mass protest of 85,000 public school (primary and secondary levels) teachers in Lisbon schools dispute recent educational policies of minister of education and prime minister.

1) (indicating belonging, connection, possession)

2) (indicating starting point) von

3) (indicating origin, cause)

4) (indicating material) aus

5) (indicating closer definition, identity, or contents)

6) (indicating concern, reference)

7) (indicating objective relation)

8) (indicating description, quality, condition)

9) (indicating classification, selection) von

* * *

1) (belonging to: a friend of mine.) von

2) (away from (a place etc); after (a given time): within five miles of London; within a year of his death.) von

3) (written etc by: the plays of Shakespeare.) von

4) (belonging to or forming a group: He is one of my friends.) von

5) (showing: a picture of my father.) von

6) (made from; consisting of: a dress of silk; a collection of pictures.) aus

7) (used to show an amount, measurement of something: a gallon of petrol; five bags of coal.) mit

8) (about: an account of his work.) von

9) (containing: a box of chocolates.) mit

10) (used to show a cause: She died of hunger.) an

11) (used to show a loss or removal: She was robbed of her jewels.) Genitiv

12) (used to show the connection between an action and its object: the smoking of a cigarette.) Genitiv

13) (used to show character, qualities etc: a man of courage.) mit

14) ((American) (of time) a certain number of minutes before (the hour): It's ten minutes of three.) vor

* * *

[ɒv, əv, AM ɑ:v, əv]

1. after n (belonging to) von + dat

people \of this island Menschen von dieser Insel

the language \of this country die Sprache dieses Landes

the cause \of the disease die Krankheitsursache

the colour \of her hair ihre Haarfarbe

the government \of India die indische Regierung

a friend \of mine ein Freund von mir

smoking is the worst habit \of mine Rauchen ist meine schlimmste Angewohnheit

this revolting dog \of hers ihr widerlicher Hund

the smell \of roses Rosenduft m

2. after n (expressing relationship) von + dat

an admirer \of Picasso ein Bewunderer Picassos

3. after n (expressing a whole's part) von + dat

five \of her seven kids are boys fünf ihrer sieben Kinder sind Jungen

there were ten \of us on the trip wir waren auf der Reise zu zehnt

nine \of the children came to the show neun Kinder kamen zur Vorstellung

can you please give me more \of the beans? könntest du mir noch etwas von den Bohnen geben?

I don't want to hear any more \of that! ich will nichts mehr davon hören!

he's the best-looking \of the three brothers er sieht von den drei Brüdern am besten aus

a third \of the people ein Drittel der Leute

the whole \of the garden der ganze Garten

the best \of friends die besten Freunde

the days \of the week die Wochentage

all \of us wir alle

all \of us were tired wir waren alle müde

\of all von allen

best \of all, I liked the green one am besten gefiel mir der grüne

that \of all his films is my favourite er gefällt mir von allen seinen Filmen am besten

both \of us wir beide

most \of them die meisten von ihnen

one \of the cleverest eine(r) der Schlauesten

he's one \of the smartest \of the smart er ist einer der Klügsten unter den Klugen

4. after n (expressing quantities)

a bunch \of parsley ein Bund Petersilie nt

a clove \of garlic eine Knoblauchzehe

a cup \of tea eine Tasse Tee

a drop \of rain ein Regentropfen

hundreds \of people Hunderte von Menschen

a kilo \of apples ein Kilo Äpfel nt

a litre \of water ein Liter Wasser m

a lot \of money eine Menge Geld

a piece \of cake ein Stück Kuchen

a pride \of lions ein Rudel Löwen [o Löwenrudel] nt

5. after vb (consisting of) aus + dat

the sweater is made \of the finest lambswool der Pullover ist aus feinster Schafwolle

a land \of ice and snow ein Land aus Eis und Schnee

dresses \of lace and silk Kleider aus Spitze und Seide

a house \of stone ein Steinhaus, ein Haus aus Stein

6. after n (containing) mit + dat

a book \of short stories ein Buch mit Kurzgeschichten

7. after adj (done by) von + dat

that was stupid \of me das war dumm von mir

8. after n (done to)

the massacre \of hundreds \of innocent people das Massaker an Hunderten von Menschen

the destruction \of the rain forest die Zerstörung des Regenwalds

9. after n (suffered by) von + dat

the anguish \of the murdered child's parents die Qualen der Eltern des ermordeten Kindes

the suffering \of millions das Leiden von Millionen

10. (expressing cause)

to die \of sth an etw dat sterben

he died \of cancer er starb an Krebs

\of one's own free will aus freien Stücken, freiwillig

\of oneself von selbst

she would never do such a thing \of herself so etwas würde sie nie von alleine tun

11. (expressing origin)

the works \of Shakespeare die Werke Shakespeares

she is \of noble birth sie ist adliger Abstammung

12. after vb (concerning)

we will notify you \of any further changes wir werden Sie über alle Änderungen informieren

he was accused \of fraud er wurde wegen Betrugs angeklagt

I know \of a guy who could fix that for you ich kenne jemanden, der das für dich reparieren kann

\of her childhood, we know very little wir wissen nur sehr wenig über ihre Kindheit

let's not speak \of this matter lass uns nicht über die Sache reden

speaking \of sb/sth,... wo [o da] wir gerade von jdm/etw sprechen,...

speaking \of time, do you have a watch on? da wir gerade von der Zeit reden, hast du eine Uhr?

she's often unsure \of herself sie ist sich ihrer selbst oft nicht sicher

I'm really appreciative \of all your help ich bin dir für all deine Hilfe wirklich dankbar

he was worthy \of the medal er hatte die Medaille verdient

I am certain \of that ich bin mir dessen sicher

this is not uncharacteristic \of them das ist für sie nichts Ungewöhnliches

to be afraid \of sb/sth vor jdm/etw Angst haben

to be fond \of swimming gerne schwimmen

to be jealous \of sb auf jdn eifersüchtig sein

to be sick \of sth etw satthaben, von etw dat genug haben

there was no warning \of the danger es gab keine Warnung vor der Gefahr

he has a love \of music er liebt die Musik

he's a doctor \of medicine er ist Doktor der Medizin

the idea \of a just society die Idee einer gerechten Gesellschaft

the memories \of her school years die Erinnerungen an ihre Schuljahre

the pain \of separation der Trennungsschmerz

it's a problem \of space das ist ein Raumproblem

his promises \of loyalty seine Treueversprechen

to be in search \of sb/sth auf der Suche nach jdm/etw sein

she's in search \of a man sie sucht einen Mann

thoughts \of revenge Rachegedanken pl

▪ what \of sb? was ist mit jdm?

and what \of Adrian? was macht eigentlich Adrian?

what \of it? was ist schon dabei?, na und?

13. after n (expressing condition)

on the point [or verge] \of doing sth kurz davor [o im Begriff] sein, etw zu tun

I'm on the point \of telling him off ich werde ihn jetzt gleich rausschmeißen

14. after n (expressing position) von + dat

in the back \of the car hinten im Auto

the zipper was on the back \of the dress der Reißverschluss war hinten am Kleid

on the corner \of the street an der Straßenecke

on the left \of the picture links auf dem Bild

a lake north/south \of the city ein See im Norden/Süden der Stadt

I've never been north \of Edinburgh ich war noch nie nördlich von Edinburgh

on the top \of his head [oben] auf seinem Kopf

15. after n (with respect to scale) von + dat

a rise \of 2% in inflation ein Inflationsanstieg von 2 Prozent

the stocks experienced an average rise \of 5% die Aktien sind im Durchschnitt um 5 % gestiegen

16. (expressing age) von + dat

at the age \of six im Alter von sechs Jahren

he's a man \of about 50 er ist um die 50 Jahre alt

17. after n (denoting example of category)

I hate this kind \of party ich hasse diese Art von Party

the city \of Prague die Stadt Prag

18. after n (typical of)

she has the face \of an angel sie hat ein Gesicht wie ein Engel

the grace \of a dancer die Anmut einer Tänzerin

the love \of a good woman die Liebe einer guten Frau

19. after n (expressing characteristic)

she gave a scream \of terror sie stieß einen Schrei des Entsetzens aus

a man \of honour ein Mann von Ehre

a moment \of silence ein Moment m der Stille

I want a few minutes \of quiet! ich will ein paar Minuten Ruhe!

a subject \of very little interest ein sehr wenig beachtetes Thema

a woman \of great charm and beauty eine Frau von großer Wärme und Schönheit

20. after n (away from) von + dat

we live within a mile \of the city centre wir wohnen eine Meile vom Stadtzentrum entfernt

she came within two seconds \of beating the world record sie hat den Weltrekord nur um zwei Sekunden verfehlt

21. after n (in time phrases)

I got married back in June \of 1957 ich habe im Juni 1957 geheiratet

the eleventh \of March der elfte März

the first \of the month der erste [Tag] des Monats

the most memorable events \of the past decade die wichtigsten Ereignisse des letzten Jahrzehnts

22. after vb (expressing removal)

they were robbed \of all their savings ihnen wurden alle Ersparnisse geraubt

I've him \of that nasty little habit ich habe ihm diese dumme Angewohnheit abgewöhnt

his mother had deprived him \of love seine Mutter hat ihm ihre Liebe vorenthalten

to get rid \of sb jdn loswerden

the room was devoid \of all furnishings der Raum war ganz ohne Möbel

free \of charge kostenlos, SCHWEIZ, ÖSTERR meist gratis

23. after n (apposition) von + dat

this complete idiot \of a man dieser Vollidiot

the month \of June der Monat Juni

the name \of Brown der Name Brown

24. ( dated: during) an + dat

she died \of a Sunday morning sie starb an einem Sonntagmorgen

I like to relax with my favourite book \of an evening ich entspanne mich abends gerne mit meinem Lieblingsbuch

\of late in letzter Zeit

25. AM (to) vor

it's quarter \of five es ist viertel vor fünf [o BRD drei viertel fünf

▶ \of all gerade

Jane, \of all people, is the last one I'd expect to see at the club gerade Jane ist die letzte, die ich in dem Klub erwartet hätte

I can't understand why you live in Ireland, \of all places ich kann nicht verstehen, warum du ausgerechnet in Irland lebst

today \of all days ausgerechnet heute

▶ \of all the cheek [or nerve] das ist doch die Höhe!

▶ to be \of sth:

she is \of the opinion that doctors are only out to experiment sie glaubt, Ärzte möchten nur herumexperimentieren

this work is \of great interest and value diese Arbeit ist sehr wichtig und wertvoll

* * *

1) (indicating possession or relation) von (+dat), use of gen

2)

3)

4)

5) (indicating material) aus

6)

7)

8)

9)

10)

11) (obs, liter

12)

* * *

of [ɒv; əv; US əv; ɑv] präp

1. allg von

2. zur Bezeichnung des Genitivs:

the tail of the dog der Schwanz des Hundes;

the tail of a dog der oder ein Hundeschwanz;

the folly of his action die Dummheit seiner Handlung

3. Ort: bei:

4. Entfernung, Trennung, Befreiung:

a) von:

south of London südlich von London;

within ten miles of London im Umkreis von 10 Meilen um London;

cure (rid) of sth von etwas heilen (befreien)

b) (gen) he was robbed of his wallet er wurde seiner Brieftasche beraubt, ihm wurde die Brieftasche geraubt

c) um:

5. Herkunft: von, aus:

of good family aus einer guten Familie;

Mr X of London Mr. X aus London

6. Teil: von oder gen:

the best of my friends;

a friend of mine ein Freund von mir, einer meiner Freunde;

that red nose of his seine rote Nase

7. Eigenschaft: von, mit:

a man of courage ein mutiger Mann, ein Mann mit Mut;

a man of no importance ein unbedeutender Mensch;

a fool of a man ein (ausgemachter) Narr

8. Stoff: aus, von:

a dress of silk ein Kleid aus oder von Seide, ein Seidenkleid;

(made) of steel aus Stahl (hergestellt), stählern, Stahl…

9. Urheberschaft, Art und Weise: von:

the works of Byron;

it was clever of him;

of o.s. von selbst, von sich aus;

he has a son of his first marriage er hat einen Sohn aus erster Ehe

10. Ursache, Grund:

a) von, an (dat):

die of cancer an Krebs sterben

b) aus:

c) vor (dat): → academic.ru/1052/afraid">afraid

d) auf (akk):

e) über (akk):

f) nach:

11. Beziehung: hinsichtlich (gen):

it is true of every case das trifft in jedem Fall zu

12. Thema:

a) von, über (akk):

b) an (akk):

13. Apposition, im Deutschen nicht ausgedrückt:

a) the city of London die Stadt London;

the month of April der Monat April

b) Maß:

a piece of meat ein Stück Fleisch

14. Genitivus obiectivus:

a) zu:

b) vor (dat): → fear A 3

c) bei:

an audience of the king eine Audienz beim König

15. Zeit:

a) umg an (dat), in (dat):

of an evening eines Abends;

of late years in den letzten Jahren

b) von:

your letter of March 3rd Ihr Schreiben vom 3. März

c) US vor (bei Zeitangaben):

* * *

1) (indicating belonging, connection, possession)

2) (indicating starting point) von

3) (indicating origin, cause)

4) (indicating material) aus

5) (indicating closer definition, identity, or contents)

6) (indicating concern, reference)

7) (indicating objective relation)

8) (indicating description, quality, condition)

9) (indicating classification, selection) von

* * *

aus präp.

von präp.

vor präp.

über präp.

[ɒv, əv, Am ɑ:v, əv] prep

1) after n ( belonging to) von +dat;

people \of this island Menschen von dieser Insel;

the language \of this country die Sprache dieses Landes;

the employees \of the company die Angestellten des Unternehmens;

the cause \of the disease die Krankheitsursache;

the colour \of her hair ihre Haarfarbe;

the government \of India die indische Regierung;

sth \of... etw von... dat;

a friend \of mine ein Freund von mir;

smoking is the worst habit \of mine Rauchen ist meine schlimmste Angewohnheit

2) after n ( expressing a whole's part) von +dat;

the sleeve \of his coat der Ärmel an seinem Mantel;

the days \of the week die Wochentage;

five \of her seven kids are boys fünf ihrer sieben Kinder sind Jungen;

there were ten \of us on the trip wir waren auf der Reise zu zehnt;

nine \of the children came to the show neun Kinder kamen zur Vorstellung;

a third \of the people ein Drittel der Leute;

most \of them die Meisten;

can you please give me more \of the beans? könntest du mir noch etwas von den Bohnen geben?;

I don't want to hear any more \of that! ich will nichts mehr davon hören!;

a drop \of rain ein Regentropfen;

a piece \of cake ein Stück Kuchen;

he's the best-looking \of the three brothers er sieht von den drei Brüdern am besten aus;

on the point [or verge] \of doing sth kurz davor [o im Begriff] sein, etw zu tun;

I'm on the point \of telling him off ich werde ihn jetzt gleich rausschmeißen;

the best \of sb/ sth der/die/das beste;

they were the best \of friends sie waren die besten Freunde;

\of all von allen;

best \of all, I liked the green one am besten gefiel mir der grüne;

that \of all his films, it's my favourite er gefällt mir von allen seinen Filmen am besten;

to be one \of the sth eine(r/s) von etw dat sein;

she's one \of the cleverest in the class sie ist eine der Schlauesten in der Klasse;

to be the sth \of the sth der/die/das etw von etw dat sein;

he's one of the smartest \of the smart er ist einer der Klügsten unter den Klugen

3) after n ( containing)

a kilo \of apples ein Kilo Äpfel;

a litre \of water ein Liter Wasser;

a cup \of tea eine Tasse Tee;

she bought a book \of short stories sie kaufte ein Buch mit Kurzgeschichten;

they saw a pride \of lions sie sahen ein Rudel Löwen [o Löwenrudel];

a bunch \of parsley ein Bund Petersilie;

a clove \of garlic eine Knoblauchzehe;

both \of us wir beide;

all \of us were tired wir waren alle müde;

a lot \of money Unmengen an Geld

4) after vb ( consisting of) aus +dat;

the sweater is made \of the finest lambswool der Pullover ist aus feinster Schafwolle after n

a land \of ice and snow ein Land aus Eis und Schnee;

dresses \of lace and silk Kleider pl aus Spitze und Seide;

house \of stone Steinhaus nt;

the smell \of roses filled the air der Rosenduft lag in der Luft;

a moment \of silence ein Moment der Stille;

I want a few minutes \of quiet! ich will ein paar Minuten Ruhe!

5) after n ( done by) von +dat;

there's a chapter on the use \of herbs es gibt ein Kapitel über die Verwendung von Kräutern;

the massacre \of hundreds of innocent people das Massaker an Hunderten von Menschen;

the destruction \of the rain forest die Zerstörung des Regenwalds;

the payment \of his debts die Rückzahlung seiner Schulden;

an admirer \of Dickens ein Bewunderer von Dickens;

in search \of sb/ sth auf der Suche nach jdm/etw;

she's in search \of a man sie sucht einen Mann after adj

that was stupid \of me das war dumm von mir

6) after vb ( concerning)

I know \of a guy who could fix that for you ich kenne jemanden, der das für dich reparieren kann;

let's not speak \of this matter lass uns nicht über die Sache reden;

\of her childhood, we know very little wir wissen nur sehr wenig über ihre Kindheit;

speaking \of sb/ sth wo [o da] wir gerade von jdm/etw sprechen;

speaking \of time, do you have a watch on? da wir gerade von der Zeit reden, hast du eine Uhr?;

he was accused \of fraud er wurde wegen Betrugs angeklagt;

we will notify you \of any further changes wir werden Sie über alle Änderungen informieren after adj

she's afraid \of dogs sie hat Angst vor Hunden;

he became jealous \of all of her friends er wurde auf alle ihre Freunde eifersüchtig;

she's often unsure \of herself sie ist sich ihrer selbst oft nicht sicher;

to be fond \of swimming gerne schwimmen;

I'm really appreciative \of all your help ich bin dir für all deine Hilfe wirklich dankbar;

he was worthy of the medal er hatte die Medaille verdient;

I am certain \of that ich bin mir dessen sicher;

this is not uncharacteristic \of them das ist für sie nichts ungewöhnliches;

to be sick \of sth etw satthaben, von etw dat genug haben;

I'm sick \of his excuses seine Entschuldigungen hängen mir zum Hals raus after n

there was no warning \of the danger es gab keine Warnung vor der Gefahr;

a problem \of space ein Raumproblem nt;

the idea \of a just society die Idee einer gerechten Gesellschaft;

pain \of separation Trennungsschmerz m;

thoughts \of revenge Rachegedanken mpl;

his promises \of loyalty seine Treueversprechen;

the memories \of her school years die Erinnerungen an ihre Schuljahre;

he has a love \of music er liebt die Musik;

what \of sb? was ist mit jdm?;

and what \of Adrian? was macht eigentlich Adrian?;

what \of it? was ist dabei?, ja und?

7) after n ( expressing direction) von +dat;

I've never been north \of Edinburgh ich war noch nie nördlich von Edinburgh;

a lake south \of the city ein See im Süden der Stadt;

on the top \of his head [oben] auf seinem Kopf;

on the corner \of the street an der Straßenecke;

in the back \of the car hinten im Auto;

the zipper was on the back \of the dress der Reißverschluss war hinten am Kleid;

on the left \of the picture links auf dem Bild

8) ( with respect to scale) von +dat;

a rise \of 2% in inflation ein Inflationsanstieg von 2 Prozent;

the stocks experienced an average rise \of 5% die Aktien sind im Durchschnitt um 5% gestiegen

9) ( expressing age) von +dat;

at the age \of six im Alter von sechs Jahren;

he's a man \of about 50 er ist um die 50 Jahre alt

10) ( expressing category)

the city \of Prague die Stadt Prag;

I hate this kind \of party ich hasse diese Art von Party

11) ( typical of)

sb/sth \of sth jd/etw von etw dat;

the love \of a good woman die Liebe einer guten Frau;

she moves with the grace \of a dancer sie bewegt sich mit der Anmut einer Tänzerin;

she has the face \of an angel sie hat ein Gesicht wie ein Engel

12) after n ( expressing characteristic)

a subject \of very little interest ein sehr wenig beachtetes Thema;

she gave a scream \of terror sie stieß einen Schrei des Entsetzens aus;

a man/woman \of sth ein Mann/eine Frau von etw dat;

a woman \of great charm and beauty eine Frau von großer Wärme und Schönheit;

a man \of honour ein Mann von Ehre

13) ( felt by) von +dat;

the suffering \of millions das Leiden von Millionen;

the anguish \of the murdered child's parents die Qualen der Eltern des ermordeten Kindes

14) ( expressing cause)

to die \of sth an etw dat sterben;

he died \of cancer er starb an Krebs;

\of one's own free will aus freien Stücken, freiwillig;

\of oneself von selbst;

she would never do such a thing \of herself so etwas würde sie nie von alleine tun

15) after n ( away from) von +dat;

we live within a mile \of the city centre wir wohnen eine Meile vom Stadtzentrum entfernt;

she came within two seconds \of beating the world record sie hat den Weltrekord nur um zwei Sekunden verfehlt

16) after n ( in time phrases)

the eleventh \of March der elfte März;

the first \of the month der erste [Tag] des Monats;

I got married back in June \of 1957 ich habe im Juni 1957 geheiratet;

the most memorable events \of the past decade die wichtigsten Ereignisse des letzten Jahrzehnts

17) after vb ( expressing removal)

they were robbed \of all their savings ihnen wurden alle Ersparnisse geraubt;

I've him \of that nasty little habit ich habe ihm diese dumme Angewohnheit abgewöhnt;

his mother had deprived him \of love seine Mutter hat ihm ihre Liebe vorenthalten;

to get rid \of sb jdn loswerden after adj

a room devoid \of all furnishings ein Raum ganz ohne Möbel;

free \of charge kostenlos

18) ( who is) von +dat;

this complete idiot \of a man dieser Vollidiot

19) (dated: during) an +dat;

she died \of a Sunday morning sie starb an einem Sonntagmorgen ( fam);

I like to relax with my favourite book \of an evening ich erhole mich abends gerne mit meinem Lieblingsbuch

20) (Am) (to) vor;

it's quarter \of five es ist viertel vor fünf [o dreiviertelfünf];

\of all the cheek [or nerve] das ist doch die Höhe!;

\of all sth gerade;

Jane, \of all people, is the last one I'd expect to see at the club gerade Jane ist die letzte, die ich in dem Club erwartet hätte;

to be \of sth ( possess) etw besitzen;

she is \of the opinion that doctors are only out to experiment sie glaubt, Ärzte möchten nur herumexperimentieren;

( give rise to)

this work is \of great interest and value diese Arbeit ist sehr wichtig und wertvoll